ANTHROPOLOGY 222

ANTHROPOLOGY 222 – DRUGS FOR MIND AND BODY

FALL 2002

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An analysis of the uses of both medicinal and mind altering drugs with emphasis on the original inhabitants of the Americas and a comparative look at their uses in the United States today. While the primary focus of this course is on the utilization of drugs, we can only understand the use within the context of the societies as a whole; therefore, we will also read several ethnographic accounts of Native American societies in which these drugs were used.

INSTRUCTOR: Thomas E. Gallagher

COURSE: Anthropology 222

LOCATION: Olin Hall 108

TIME: 8:35 a.m. to 9:50 a.m.

OFFICE: Bomberger 016B

OFFICE HOURS: 11:00 a.m. to 12:00 noon Mondays and Wednesdays

1:30 p.m. to 2:30 p.m. Tuesdays and Thursdays

OFFICE PHONE: (610) 409-3000 ext. 2317

HOME PHONE: (302) 478-5766

E-MAIL: tgallagher@ursinus.edu (on subject line write A222)

BOOKS:

HARNER, Michael

1973 Hallucinogens and Shamanism. Oxford University.

HARNER, Michael

1972 The Jívaró: People of the Sacred Waterfalls. Berkeley CA: University of California Press. xx; 233 pp.

PLOTKIN, Mark J.

1993 Tales of a Shaman’s Apprentice. New York, NY: Penguin Books. xiv; 328.

VOGEL, Virgil J.

1970 American Indian Medicine. Norman, OK: The University of Oklahoma Press. xx; 578.

REFERENCE ON RESERVE:

POLLAN, Michael

2001 “Marijuana.” Chapter 3 in The Botany of Desire. New York, NY: Random House. pp. 113-179.

WEATHERFORD, J. McIver

1988 “The Drug Connection.” Chapter 11 in Indian Givers: How the Indians of the Americas Transformed the World. New York: Crown Publishers. pp. 175-196.

WEATHERFORD, J. McIver

1988 “The Indian Healer.” Chapter 10 in Indian Givers: How the Indians of the Americas Transformed the World. New York: Crown Publishers. pp. 175-196.

ZINN, Howard

1999 “Columbus, the Indians, and Human Progress.” Chapter 1 in A People’s Hisotyr of the United States: 1492-Present. New York: Perennial Classics. Pp. 1-22.

ZINN, Howard

1999 “Columbus, the Indians, and Human Progress.” Chapter 1 in A People’s Hisotyr of the United States: 1492-Present. New York: Perennial Classics. Pp. 1-22.

GRADES:

1. Project #1 (Ethnography).......................................................................................................... 10%

2. Project #2 (Drugs for Mind or Body)...................................................................................... 20%

3. Test #1.......................................................................................................................................... 15%

4. Test #2.......................................................................................................................................... 15%

5. Participation................................................................................................................................. 10%

6. Quizzes and/or Reading Response (One page synthesis of the reading)......................... 10%

7. Final Examination (Friday, May 9, 2003, 1:00 p.m.)................................................................ 20%

CLASS REQUIREMENTS

ATTENDANCE:

Because this class involves the participation of each and every student, attendance is important. (Ursinus College requires that you be permitted to miss double the number of classes that meet each week which means that you may miss four classes without explanation.) If something happens that prevents you from attending class, you must let me know. I would prefer to know before class but definitely as soon as possible after class. Poor attendance will affect your Participation grade and will probably affect your Reading Response grade.

PARTICIPATION:

Participation is an integral and important part of your grade. You are expected to read your assignments, and be able to ask and answer questions about the readings. You are expected to read other students’ papers when they are assigned as reading for the class, and be able to participate in a discussion of the material contained in their papers.

TERM PROJECTS:

Each student will write two papers for this course. Paper 1 will involve collaborating on and ethnographic exploration of one North American or South American indigenous group. Paper 2 will focus on some aspect of Native American Drugs. This may be either something medicinal or hallucinogenic.

The first paper will be a brief ethnographic account of a North or South American indigenous group produced by a group of four or five students. These four ethnographies will be the assigned ethnographic readings for this class. Each student in a group will be responsible for some aspect of the ethnography (e.g., subsistence, beliefs, family, etc.), and each student will receive a grade for his or her part of the ethnography. The entire group of students must finish their ethnography one week prior to their presentation so I will be able to make copies for all of the students in class and they will have time to read it. Each student’s part of the paper should be approximately 1250 words (this would typically be 5 pages double-spaced.). The group of students will have to work together to make sure the several parts do in fact fit together, and the finished product must be e-mailed to me so I can convert the ethnography to single spacing and make copies to distribute to the class. (NOTE: If one or more students are late with their part of the paper, I will photocopy an already published ethnography on that group for the students to read. Students who hand in their part of the ethnography on time will not be penalized, but students who are late will lose 5 points from their final grade for the first class they miss, and an additional 2 points each class day they are late after that until the paper is handed in.)

The second paper is an in-depth analysis of something relevant to the material we will be studying this semester. In most circumstances it will be an analysis of some native medicinal or some hallucinogenic drug, or the use of the drug. It is possible to do a comparative study between two groups in the Americas, or one group in the Americas and one group from somewhere else, or some aspect of native drugs use and drug use in the United States today. I must discuss your topic with you before you begin your research. Each student will present his or her findings to the entire class towards the end of the semester. I will assign the final presentation in reverse order of the first presentation, but with the agreement of another student and me, you may switch with someone else. You must hand me this paper the class immediately prior to your scheduled presentation since I will need to read your paper before listening to your presentation. (This paper will not be distributed to the entire class.) If you do not hand me a copy of your paper the class prior to your scheduled presentation, you will lose 5 points. You will again lose 2 additional points for each class after the deadline you miss.

Each student is to complete two term projects. The first projects requires a detailed analysis of a non-western religious

READING RESPONSES:

Each student will be required to write a short abstract about each assignment. This abstract should range from 125 to 250 words (i.e., one page double-spaced). This abstract should demonstrate that you understand what the main goal of the author is for the reading. When there are more than one reading, look for common elements or themes. I hope that these will take the place of quizzes. If these abstracts do not work, I will go back to quizzes.

TENTATIVE SCHEDULE OF ASSIGNMENTS

This is a tentative schedule, but will probably be followed to a large degree. It is hoped that this schedule will be flexible enough to permit us to emphasize topics of interest. Changes will be announced in class.

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J 20 INTRODUCTION AND REQUIREMENTS

DISCUSSION OF TERM PAPERS AND ORAL PRESENTATIONS

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J 22 (Reserve Reading) ZINN, Chapter 1, “Columbus, the Indians, and Human Progress.” Pp. 1-22.

(Reserve Reading) ZINN, Chapter 7, “As Long as the Grass Grows or Water Runs.” Pp. 125-148.

J 27 (Reserve Reading) WEATHERFORD, Chapter 10, “The Indian Healer.” Pp. 175-196.

J 29 (Reserve Reading) WEATHERFORD, Chapter 11, “The Drug Connection.” Pp. 197-216.

F 03 FILM: A Man Called Bee. (Ethnographic film about the Yanomamo)

F 05 HARNER, The Jivaro.

Introduction

Orthography

Section I: The Jivaro: Background.

Section II: Shelter, Subsistence, and Technology.

F 10 HARNER, The Jivaro.

Section III: Social Relations.

F 12 HARNER, The Jivaro,

Section IV: The Hidden World

Section V: Law, Feuding, and War

Section VI: Culture Change

Epilogue

F 17 T E S T # 1

F 19 FILM: Cree Hunters of the Mistassini.

F 24 North American Ethnography (Presentations)

Student	Project
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

F 26 North American Ethnography (Presentations)

Student	Project
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

M 03 South American Ethnography (Presentations)

Student	Project
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

M 05 South American Ethnography (Presentations)

Student	Project
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

M 10 S P R I N G V A C A T I O N

M 12 S P R I N G V A C A T I O N

M 17 S P R I N G V A C A T I O N

M 19 PLOTKIN, Tales of a Shamans Apprentice.

Chapter 1: “Through the Emerald Door.”

Chapter 2: “The Search for the Black Caiman.”

Chapter 3: “Among the Maroons.”

M 24 PLOTKIN, Tales of a Shamans Apprentice.

Chapter 4: “Under the Double Rainbow.”

Chapter 5: “A Recipe for Poison.”

Chapter 6: “Across the Savannas of the Sipaliwini.”

M 26 PLOTKIN, Tales of a Shamans Apprentice.

Chapter 7: “Witch Doctor of the Wayanas.”

Chapter 8: The Semen of the Sun.”

Chapter 9: Return to Kwamala.”

M 30 HARNER, Hallucinogens and Shamanism.

I: IN THE PRIMITIVE WORLD: THE UPPER AMAZON

Chapter 1: Kensinger, “Banisteriopsis Usage Among the Peruvian Cashinahua.”

Chapter 2: Harner, “The Sound of Rushing Water.”

Chapter 3: Siskind, “Visions and Cures Among the Sharanahua

Chapter 4: Weiss, “Shamanism and Priesthood in Light of the Campa Ayahuasca Ceremony.”

A 02 HARNER, Hallucinogens and Shamanism.

II: IN CULTURES UNDERGOING WESTERNIZATION

Chapter 5: Boyer, Boyer, and Basehart, “Shamanism and Peyote Use Among the Apaches of the Mescalaereo Indian Reservation.

Chapter 6: DeRios, “Curing with Ayahuasca in an Urban Slum.”

Chapter 7: Munn, “The Mushrooms of Language.”

III: IN THE TRADITIONAL WESTERN WORLD.

Chapter 8: Harner, “The Role of Hallucinogenic Plants in European Witchcraft.”

A 07 T E S T # 2

A 09 POLLAN, The Botany of Desire.

Chapter 3: “Desire: Intoxication: Plant: Marijuana.”

A 14 Major Term Project on Medicinal and/or Hallucinogenic Drugs

Student	Project
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

A 16 Major Term Project on Medicinal and/or Hallucinogenic Drugs

Student	Project
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

A 21 Major Term Project on Medicinal and/or Hallucinogenic Drugs

Student	Project
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

A 23 Major Term Project on Medicinal and/or Hallucinogenic Drugs

Student	Project
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

A 28 VOGEL, American Indian Medicine

Chapter 1: “What the Red Men Gave Us.

Chapter 2: “Indian Theories of Disease, and Shamanistic Practices.

Chapter 3: “Early Observations of White Men on Indian Medicine.”

A 30 VOGEL, American Indian Medicine

Chapter 4: “Services of Indian Doctors to Whites.”

Chapter 5: “The Influence of Indian Medicine on Folk Medicine, Irregular Practitioners, and Patent Medicines.”

Chapter 6: “Indian Health and Disease.”

M 05 R E V I E W

M 09 F I N A L E X A M I N A T I O N 1:00 p.m. until 4:00 p.m.

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For your papers, you must:

1. Have a goal which you clearly state early in your paper.

2. Achieve your goal through the data you include and the argument you develop.

2. Provide proper citations for all material you are using, and provide a “Works Cited” list at the end of your paper.

3. Do your own work. Copying anything which is not your own is plagiarism, and any plagiarized paper will receive the grade of “F.”

4. Ask a friend to read your paper and make comments and suggestions, or go to the Writing Center.

4. Write clearly. (Your reader should not have to struggle to understand what you mean.)

5. You should eliminate spelling mistakes and grammatical errors. I will not worry about a few, but you will lose points if there are too many.

6. At the end of your paper, write a strong conclusion.

GRADE:

NAME: .

COURSE: ANTH 222: Drugs for Mind and Body .

TOPIC: .

General comments:

Goal clearly stated: (Preferably in the first paragraph)

Citations:

Works Cited:

Grammar and Style:

Argument well developed:

Oral Report:

Conclusion strong:

Other Comments:

QUESTIONS ASKED ON RECOMMENDATION FORMS

	Outstanding	Well Above Average	Above Average	Average	Below Average	Unable to Judge
Competence in applicant’s general field
Intellectual ability
Ability to analyze a problem and formulate a solution
Imagination/creativity
Oral communication skills
Written communication skills
Motivation and initiative
Self-discipline
Cooperativeness / ability to get along with others
Integrity
Reliability

Your overall assessment of the applicant’s ability to complete a program:

□ Highly recommended □ Recommended without reservation □ Recommended with reservation □ Do not recommend